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\begin{document}
	\section{原子的电子轨道}
	\begin{figure}[h]
		\centering
		\begin{tikzpicture}
			% 原子核
			\filldraw[orange] (0,0) circle (0.3) node[white] {+};
			
			% 电子层和电子
			\foreach \r/\n/\c in {0.8/2/green, 1.5/8/blue, 2.2/18/purple, 3.0/32/cyan} {
				\draw[dashed,\c] (0,0) circle (\r);
				\foreach \i in {1,...,\n} {
					\filldraw[\c] 
					({\r*cos(360*\i/\n)}, {\r*sin(360*\i/\n)}) 
					circle (0.05);
				}
				% 修正后的标签（颜色和文本分离）
				\node[text=\c] at ({\r*cos(60)}, {\r*sin(60)}) {\large\n};
			}
		\end{tikzpicture}
		\caption{原子的电子轨道示意图（AI绘图）}
	\end{figure}
	
	\begin{table}[h]
		\caption{原子的电子轨道}
		\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|}
			\hline
			\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}n\\ 主量子数，电子层\\ n=1,2,3,...\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}l \\ 角量子数，电子亚层\\ l=0,1,2,...,n-1\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}m\\ 磁量子数\\ m=-l,-l+1,...,l-1,l\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}轨道数总计\\ n\textasciicircum{}2\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}最多容纳电子\\ 2n\textasciicircum{}2\end{tabular} \\ \hline
			1                                                                  & 0                                                                      & 0                                                                      & 1                                                                    & 2                                                                      \\ \hline
			\multirow{2}{*}{2}                                                 & 0                                                                      & 0                                                                      & \multirow{2}{*}{4}                                                   & \multirow{2}{*}{8}                                                     \\ \cline{2-3}
			& 1                                                                      & -1,0,1                                                                 &                                                                      &                                                                        \\ \hline
			\multirow{3}{*}{3}                                                 & 0                                                                      & 0                                                                      & \multirow{3}{*}{9}                                                   & \multirow{3}{*}{18}                                                    \\ \cline{2-3}
			& 1                                                                      & -1,0,1                                                                 &                                                                      &                                                                        \\ \cline{2-3}
			& 2                                                                      & -2,-1,0,1,2                                                            &                                                                      &                                                                        \\ \hline
			\multirow{4}{*}{4}                                                 & 0                                                                      & 0                                                                      & \multirow{4}{*}{16}                                                  & \multirow{4}{*}{32}                                                    \\ \cline{2-3}
			& 1                                                                      & -1,0,1                                                                 &                                                                      &                                                                        \\ \cline{2-3}
			& 2                                                                      & -2,-1,0,1,2                                                            &                                                                      &                                                                        \\ \cline{2-3}
			& 3                                                                      & -3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3                                                       &                                                                      &                                                                        \\ \hline
			...                                                                & ...                                                                    & ...                                                                    & ...                                                                  & ...                                                                    \\ \hline
		\end{tabular}
	\end{table}
	
	\footnote{参考：W站《原子轨道》，小时百科}
	其中$n=1,2,3,...$也分别称$K,L,M,...$等；$l=0,1,2,3$也分别称$s,p,d,f$等。
	由于电子排布规则，当电子开始填充第$n$层时，第$n-1$层未必填满。
	
\end{document}
